Figure 3From: Scoliosis corrective force estimation from the implanted rod deformation using 3D-FEM analysisEstimated forces on screws in representative case. Estimated corrective force was four times greater in the concave side than in convex side. Pull out force was greatest in the apical level (218N) with smooth transition from one to another and pushing-in forces were high on pedicle screws at the both ends of rod.Back to article page