Table 11 Recommendation on physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises to prevent scoliosis progression during growth

1. Physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises are recommended as the first step to treat idiopathic scoliosis to prevent/limit progression of the deformity and bracing

C

I

[88, 256, 257, 259, 260, 273, 286, 291, 487]

2. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises follow SOSORT Consensus and are based on auto-correction in 3D, training in ADL, stabilizing the corrected posture, and patient education

B

II

[88]

3. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises follow one of the Schools that have shown the effectiveness of their approach with scientific studies

C

III

[236,237,238, 241, 267, 269, 272, 275, 277,278,279,280,281,282,283, 489]

4. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic-scoliosis specific exercise programmes are designed by therapists specifically trained in the approach they use

B

V

5. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises are proposed by therapists included in scoliosis treatment teams, with close cooperation between all members

C

V

[88]

6. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises are individualized according to patient needs, curve pattern, and treatment phase

B

V

[267, 269, 272, 275, 277,278,279,280,281,282,283, 489]

7. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises are always individualized even if performed in small groups

B

VI

8. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises are performed regularly throughout treatment to achieve best results

B

V

9. It is recommended that therapists implement a compliance system for exercise tracking

C

V

10. It is recommended that therapists regularly assess patients’ quality of physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises performed by the patients.

B

V

11. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises difficulty is progressively increased according to patient ability.

B

V

12. It is recommended that physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises are taught individually in a 1 to 1 relationship to assure individualized care, while regular performance could also be at home or in little groups

C

V