Table 1 Association between risk factor and asymmetry
Risk factor | Percentage with risk factor* | χ2test statistic or Fisher’s exact test (p-value) | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Controls | |||
Carstairs’ deprivation score | 17.7 (0.001) | |||
1 | 38 | 62 | 1.00 | |
2 | 28 | 6 | 7.04 (2.41 – 20.6) | |
3 | 18 | 9 | 3.20 (1.16 – 8.83) | |
4 or 5 | 16 | 22 | 1.22 (0.52 – 2.87) | |
Carstairs’ deprivation score | 0.16 (0.689) | |||
1-2 | 66 | 69 | 1.00 | |
3-5 | 34 | 31 | 1.15 (0.59 – 2.24) | |
Carstairs’ deprivation score | 9.56 (0.002) | |||
1 | 38 | 62 | 1.00 | |
2-5 | 62 | 38 | 2.70 (1.42 – 5.16) | |
Asymmetry in mother’s back | 1 | 4 | ----- (0.364)+ | 0.32 (0.03 – 3.11) |
Hamstring muscles not tight/ability to touch toes | 80 | 60 | 6.49 (0.011) | 2.65 (1.30 – 5.41) |
Poor social skills | 1 | 3 | 0.00 (0.982) | 0.48 (0.04 – 5.41) |
No previous cycling | 0 | 0 | --- | --- |
No previous attendance at dance classes (girls only) | 44 | 26 | 4.04 (0.045) | 2.26 (1.08 – 4.71) |
No previous gymnastics/karate | 76 | 53 | 7.84 (0.005) | 2.77 (1.40 – 5.49) |
No previous skating | 73 | 32 | 24.6 (<0.001) | 5.74 (2.88 – 11.5) |
No previous horse riding | 82 | 60 | 8.58 (0.003) | 3.13 (1.50 – 6.53) |
No previous playing football/hockey | 65 | 55 | 1.23 (0.267) | 1.52 (0.80 – 2.89) |
Introduced to swimming pool within first year of life | 58 | 31 | 10.5 (0.001) | 3.08 (1.60 – 5.94) |
Ability to swim by age 10 years | 56 | 56 | 0.00 (0.999) | 0.99 (0.53 – 1.87) |
Introduced to public pool within first year (≥8) | 57 | 30 | 10.6 (0.001) | 3.11 (1.61 – 6.02) |
Introduced to public pool within first year (≥12) | 54 | 29 | 9.69 (0.002) | 2.99 (1.54 – 5.80) |
Introduced to public pool within first year (≥24) | 34 | 23 | 1.72 (0.190) | 1.70 (0.84 – 3.44) |