Table 3 Short description of previous studies
Study | Type of study | Study group | No of patient | Neurologic exams | MRI protocol | Neuroaxial problem% | Age | Sex | Atypical curves | curve magnitude | Double curve | Neurologic findings | Pain | Thoracic kyphosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geissele et al. | Prospective | AIS* | 27 | NR† | Brain stem | 27% | NR | NR | NR | NSD‡ | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Spine 1991[23] | ||||||||||||||
Evans et al. JBJS-B 1996[8] | Prospective | JIS + AIS* | 31 | Nystagmus , Ataxia, ASAR** | Total spine | 31% | NSD | NSD | SD¥, left curves | NR | NR | NSD | NR | NR |
Mejia et al. JPO 1996[24] | Prospective | JIS + AIS | 29 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 7% | NR | NR | Only left curves | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Shen et al. | Prospective | AIS | 72 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 4% | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
JPO 1996[25] | ||||||||||||||
Maiocco et al. Spine 1997[16] | Prospective | AIS | 45 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 4% | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Winter et al. Spine 1997[10] | Prospective double blind | AIS | 140 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 2.8% | NR | NR | Rt curves included | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Gupta et al. Spine 1998[22] | Prospective + retrospective | IIS* + JIS | 98 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 18-20% | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Dobbs et al. JBJS-A 2002[26] | Retrospective | IIS | 46 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 21.7% | NSD | NSD | NSD | NSD | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Ouellet et al. Spine 2003[27] | Retrospective | JIS + AIS | 93 | NR | Total spine | NR | NSD | SD, male | SD, left curves | NR | NR | NR | NR | SD |
Do et al. JBJS-A 2003[28] | Prospective | AIS | 327 | Only NL exams | Total spine | 1.8% | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Davids et al. JBJS-A 2004[29] | Retrospective | AIS | 274 | Clonus, abnormal reflexes, muscle weakness, or cavus foot | Total spine | 2% entire cohort, 10% of selected patients | NSD | NSD | NSD | NSD | NSD | NSD | NSD | SD |
Inoue et al. Spine 2005[30] | Prospective | All group | 250 | Hyperactive reflex, ASAR, Muscle atrophy, sensory loss, clonus | Total spine | 18% | SD, Early onset < 11 ys | SD, male | SD, left curves | NR | NR | SD- all abnormal neurologic finding | SD | SD, Kyphois >30° |
Nakahara et al. Spine 2010[31] | Retrospective | JIS + AIS | 472 | Only ASAR | Total spine | 3.8% | SD-Early onset < 11 ys | SD-Male | NSD | SD | NR | SD | NR | SD |
Rajasekaran et al. Indian J Orthop 2010[32] | Retrospective ? | All group | 94 | Muscle weakness, wasting ,ASAR, Babinski | Total spine | 16% | SD-Early onset < 11 ys | NR | NSD | NSD | SD | SD | NR | SD |