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Table 2 Imaging findings of study groups

From: The paradoxical relationship between ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and developmental lumbar spinal stenosis

Study Group

Group 1 (Critical DSS)

Group 2 (Relative DSS)

Group 3 (Non-DSS)

Levels

L4

L5

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L4

L5

Mean Spinal Canal Diameter (mm (±SD))

13.1 (1.2)

12.9 (0.5)

16.5

14.2 (1.0)

15.2 (1.5)

15.5 (0.8)

15.2 (0.4)

23.3

17.7 (1.8)

Levels

L4-L5

L5-S1

L1-L2

L2-L3

L3-L4

L4-L5

L5-S1

L4-L5

L5-S1

Mean LF thickness (mm (±SD))

R: 4.4 (1.6)

R: 3.3 (1.8)

R: 6.1

R: 4.8 (1.8)

R: 4.0 (1.8)

R: 3.5 (1.6)

R: 4.5 (1.7)

R: 4.2

R: 3.0 (0.3)

L: 4.6 (1.9)

L:3.4 (1.5)

L: 2.5

L: 4.3 (1.5)

L: 4.1 (1.8)

L: 4.3 (2.1)

L: 3.5 (1.2)

L: 5.3

L: 3.2 (0.4)

Mean Fibrosis Area (% (±SD))

R: 48.6 (25.5)

R: 38.5 (16.2)

R: 15.3

R: 33.9 (17.8)

R: 52.6 (20.6)

R: 47.4 (17.8)

R: 41.8 (19.2)

R: 72.6

R: 59.5 (22.2)

L: 57.7 (18.2)

L: 57.9 (6.4)

L: 15.3

L: 70.0 (5.4)

L: 52.8 (24.9)

L: 43.5 (16.9)

L: 48.9 (29.4)

L: 66.5

L: 52.7 (27.1)

  1. LF ligamentum flavum, SD standard deviation; %: percentage, R right, L left